Thank you ExXeroid for this excellent post. You have highlighted very important aspects of FAULT FINDING TECHNIQUES in a system. I do totally agree with you that most technicians are poor troubleshooters of faults.
Before considering any fault conditions, the principle of operations of the equipment, or circuit must be understood. The service engineer must use a SYSTEMATIC approach, rather than a NON-SYSTEMATIC approach, in order to locate which block of the system is faulty before he can locate the actual component that has failed. He must also have an UP-TO-DATE service/repair manual. He must have all the necessary TEST EQUIPMENT (specialized tools).
The service engineer then has to DEFINE THE FAULT CLEARLY, ACCURATELY-this is the MOST IMPORTANT POINT. It is no good trying to locate a fault that is VAGUELY DEFINED. The symptoms must be accurately noted and this means a FUNCTIONAL TEST must be done on the equipment. Break the equipment into functional blocks,rather than as a whole, narrow down the search to a faulty part to one block & then take measurements in that block to locate the actual faulty component or part.
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