Need some advice on learning networking

[rthonpm]

Re: Need some advice on learning networking

Correct: static records need to be manually removed. The hope generally is that static records are going to be much more durable than dynamic ones. Server and other resource names often last longer than the actual device itself.

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[BillyCarpenter]

Re: Need some advice on learning networking

With two DNS servers, you have a hierarchy as I posted before:

Your primary DNS server would be set like this, no matter how many DNS servers there are in the environment.

DNS 1 = 127.0.0.1
DNS 2 = IP of server

Your secondary would be:

DNS 1 = IP of primary
DNS 2 = 127.0.0.1

Your secondary and any other servers will always defer to the primary, this is due to always needing a definitive source that replicates to the subordinates. In Active Directory this becomes even more critical. The choice of DNS server for clients will go with the order that they are configured, again, you always want your primary listed first.

In the settings for the DNS service, you can configure any external servers that the local server will forward requests it can't resolve.

[ATTACH=CONFIG]50987[/ATTACH]

This is a sample from one of my DNS servers that's configured for both IPv4 and v6.

When I first looked at the picture, I didn't understand what I was looking at. But I do now. These are forwarders that send outside queries to an external DNS server and by the looks of it, you can enter several and I'm guessing it goes down the list in order?

I also notice that you're using 9.9.9.9 and 1.1.1.1. Why these?

Thanks in advance.

[rthonpm]

Re: Need some advice on learning networking

1.1.1.1 and 9.9.9.9 both have a good reputation for blocking malicious IP's and spammers, as well as being very fast. The former is owned by Cloudflare, which is a network services firm known mainly for DDoS protection. Quad 9 is a Swiss firm that has been around for a long time and is known for privacy focused service. OpenDNS is my third option since they're also very well regarded and have multiple servers around the world.

Google's 8.8.8.8 is also popular, but I've found faster returns using the other services.

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[BillyCarpenter]

Re: Need some advice on learning networking

I stayed up very late last night working on DNS. Every time I learn something like this it always feels like stepping out of the darkness into the light.

It's a lot more to setting up DNS in Windows Server than meets the eye.

I want to thank rthonpm for hanging in there with me while I stumbled my way through DNS. I've learned a ton from this dude. Thank you.


PS - I want to learn how to create a virtual machine on bare metal but I really don't understand the concept of "bare metal". I've heard you talk about this and it sounds exciting. I need to learn this.

[rthonpm]

Re: Need some advice on learning networking

Bare metal is the physical hardware itself. You'll need to install a hypervisor like Hyper-V Server or ESXi on the server and then build your VM on that. These are both Type 1 hypervisors which give you full access tro the physical hardware of the system as opposed to a Type 2 like VirtualBox or VMWare Player that only let you use abstracted hardware.

Personally, I'm a Hyper-V guy, but both it and ESXi are very good platforms. You can also install Hyper-V in Windows 10 as a practise move, though I'd recommend a system with more than one network card (same with a server).

Going through the steps of setting this up is fairly detailed, but once it's set up, you can manage everything from a remote machine and really only have to log into the server for patching.

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[BillyCarpenter]

Re: Need some advice on learning networking

I'm trying to understand what are the advantages of running bare metal virtual server.


Here's the way I understand it? Right or wrong? Are there any other advantages?


There are no longer any advantages to having a server with dual power supplies and RAID. Instead, it's better to purchase a couple (2 or 3?) of physical servers and run virtual machines on hypervisor and if one instance goes down it will migrate to the other server in the blink of an eye and there's no down time.


Is that right?

[rthonpm]

Re: Need some advice on learning networking

I'm trying to understand what are the advantages of running bare metal virtual server.


Here's the way I understand it? Right or wrong? Are there any other advantages?


There are no longer any advantages to having a server with dual power supplies and RAID. Instead, it's better to purchase a couple (2 or 3?) of physical servers and run virtual machines on hypervisor and if one instance goes down it will migrate to the other server in the blink of an eye and there's no down time.


Is that right?

Not quite. The advantage of using a bare metal (Type 1) hypervisor is performance of your guest VM's. This type of hypervisor can allocate physical hardware to virtual machines. If you have a Xeon processor in the physical server, it's passed on and the VM's also have the same type of processor and can allocated specific amounts of the processor's resources to your VM's.

Basic tools like Virtual Box run their VM's as if they were software and have no ability to tap into the physical resources of the machine they're running on. They also need a full operating system to be installed, running, and logged into to work.

You still want your physical servers to have dual power supplies and RAID storage since this gives you redundancy and storage for your VM's. The only thing the hypervisor installed on the physical hardware is there to do is allocate resources among the guest systems as opposed to running a full OS.

Failover of VM's isn't quite that simple. Live failovers require several major steps and can be complicated to set up. Before getting to that step it's better to first get an understanding of building and managing a hypervisor and creating virtual machines. If you have a Windows 10 Professional or Enterprise computer, you can install Hyper-V as a feature to get a basic idea of the features it offers as it has everything the server version does except for the replication and migration features. I'd recommend using a desktop with multiple Ethernet connections and a large second drive so you can dedicate traffic for the VM's to their own NIC, and also have a place to store the VM's.

Virtualisation can be a bit of a massive change in thinking at first so see how it works before you dive into the more complicated aspects of replication or clustering.




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[BillyCarpenter]

Re: Need some advice on learning networking

Understanding VM's continue to illude me.


I do understand what rthonpm is saying about performance. I'll keep working at it and at some point I'll try it out. I'll try to implement it soon as I really want to know how this works because it sounds like this is where everything is headed.

[rthonpm]

Re: Need some advice on learning networking

Understanding VM's continue to illude me.


I do understand what rthonpm is saying about performance. I'll keep working at it and at some point I'll try it out. I'll try to implement it soon as I really want to know how this works because it sounds like this is where everything is headed.

That's been where things have been for at least the last decade, if not longer.

I've been able to consolidate racks of servers into three or four servers with more storage, computing power, and RAM than all of those individual boxes ever had.

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[BillyCarpenter]

Re: Need some advice on learning networking

That's been where things have been for at least the last decade, if not longer.

I've been able to consolidate racks of servers into three or four servers with more storage, computing power, and RAM than all of those individual boxes ever had.

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Wow, that got my attention. I'm all in.

[J_Arnold]

Re: Need some advice on learning networking

The BIG difference in being CompTia certification is
Some companies require it. Government installs
Also if YOU F up there equipment Guess Who's going to have to pay to fix it. IE your guy touched our server and now we have an issue.
Is it the copier or a network issue
What to touch and what NOT to touch
Working with there IT it helps if you know your SHIT.


IE did an install there IT could not get scan to email it work. No problem right? After several times making changes and Knowing the correct settings found out there network had an additional layer of security that was blocking email.

Know the difference between ssl/tls , scan to email of scan to ftp and how to setup each one.
How to setup scan to email and troubleshoot problems

OSI layer is hard to learn do you need it for copier installs no but you need to know the difference between a switch and router. Cable types cat 5 vs cat 6

IT sounds and looks easy it's NOT.

I would walk in and fix the problem within 15 min I make it look too easy
Just like a would tell my boss it's Not that easy
I just know my shit because I'm trained

I was told it is not the 15 minutes it took to fix the issue that you are paying me for, but the 15 years of knowledge I have earned that allowed me to fix it in 15 minutes.

[BillyCarpenter]

Re: Need some advice on learning networking

So, I have a Cisco router. For those of you not familiar, these aren't like your SOHO routers. These need to be programmed. And depending on what you're trying to do, it could involve a lot of programming.


A few weeks back I set up NAT (actually it was PAT) and this involved a good amount of programming and everything was working beautifully.


I MADE SURE that I save my configuration: "copy running-configuration startup-config".


Yesterday the power went out for a second and when the network came back up, none of the PC's could reach the internet.

I went into the router and checked the startup config and it was blank. Nothing, notta, zilch.

I knew for a fact that I saved the config. What was going on?

I bought the router off ebay several months back and I had to recover the password because I was locked out. It's not a big deal but apparently when you do this, there's a chance that it may not save the startup config.

I found the fix to the problem and had to program the router all over again. This time I checked to make sure it will save the config.

[bsm2]

Re: Need some advice on learning networking

I was told it is not the 15 minutes it took to fix the issue that you are paying me for, but the 15 years of knowledge I have earned that allowed me to fix it in 15 minutes.

Correct get the training and certification

Or have the Rookie F it up

[BillyCarpenter]

Re: Need some advice on learning networking

Correct get the training and certification

Or have the Rookie F it up

This is WAY over your head, dipshit.

[bsm2]

Re: Need some advice on learning networking

This is WAY over your head, dipshit.

Yes way over your head.
Above your paygrade
Over your level

Get some training

Game Over